Older Women and Well-Being - A Global Perspective
von: Mala Kapur Shankardass
Springer-Verlag, 2021
ISBN: 9789811646058
Sprache: Englisch
411 Seiten, Download: 5843 KB
Format: PDF, auch als Online-Lesen
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| Acknowledgements | 5 | ||
| Contents | 6 | ||
| About the Editor | 8 | ||
| 1 Older Women: Global Concerns and Responses Toward Their Well-Being, Is a Serious Issue—An Introductory Note | 9 | ||
| 2 Beyond the Barriers of Aging—Coping, Caring, and Contributions of Older Women | 15 | ||
| Introduction | 15 | ||
| Women and Aging | 16 | ||
| Successful Aging | 17 | ||
| Case Studies | 18 | ||
| Case Study 1—Namrata Patil (83 Years) | 20 | ||
| Case Study 2—Savita Dwivedi (67 Years) | 21 | ||
| Case Study 3—Vidya Talati (66 Years) | 22 | ||
| Case Study 4—Pallavi Desai (71 Years) | 23 | ||
| Case Study 5: Geeta Nanavati (71 Years) | 24 | ||
| Case Study 6: Purna Shah (65 Years) | 26 | ||
| Case Study 7—Usha Joshi (72 Years) | 27 | ||
| Case Study 8—Jayna Soni (73 Years) | 28 | ||
| Case Study 9: Ganga Patel (84 Years) | 29 | ||
| Analysis and Discussion | 30 | ||
| Health | 30 | ||
| Exercise, Meditation, and Yoga | 31 | ||
| Religion and Spirituality | 31 | ||
| Economic Security | 32 | ||
| Meaningful Engagement | 32 | ||
| Contributions | 33 | ||
| Social Support | 34 | ||
| Childhood and Other Life Experiences | 35 | ||
| Travel and Exposure | 35 | ||
| Positive Outlook and Acceptance of Change | 36 | ||
| Conclusion | 36 | ||
| References | 37 | ||
| 3 Women as Elder Caregivers in a Global Context | 39 | ||
| Introduction | 40 | ||
| Cultural Landscape of Eldercare | 42 | ||
| Consequences of Care | 42 | ||
| Health and Caregiving | 43 | ||
| Ethnic and Racial Differences in Caregiving | 44 | ||
| Public Policy and Caregiving | 45 | ||
| Caregiving Options and Work | 46 | ||
| Career-Related Coping | 47 | ||
| Conclusion | 48 | ||
| References | 49 | ||
| 4 Understanding and Responding to the Needs of Older Women Who Have Experienced Mistreatment | 52 | ||
| Introduction | 53 | ||
| State of Knowledge | 54 | ||
| Defining Mistreatment | 54 | ||
| Estimating the Scope of the Problem | 54 | ||
| Ascertaining the Obstacles and Incentives for Older Women in Requesting Help | 55 | ||
| Determining the Obstacles to, and Incentives for, Asking for Help in the Specific Context of Mistreatment of Older Women (N = 8 Articles) | 57 | ||
| Conclusion on the Status of Knowledge for All Genders Combined | 58 | ||
| Methodology | 59 | ||
| Research Design | 59 | ||
| Recruiting Participants | 59 | ||
| Sample Characteristics | 60 | ||
| Data Collection | 60 | ||
| Findings | 60 | ||
| Data Collection Findings | 62 | ||
| Final Conceptual Framework | 67 | ||
| Validating the Findings | 68 | ||
| Discussion | 70 | ||
| Conclusion | 71 | ||
| References | 73 | ||
| 5 Health and Well-Being in Older Women: A Universal Issue | 77 | ||
| Introduction | 78 | ||
| Physical Health Issues in Older Women Across Continents | 80 | ||
| Health Issues of Aging Women in America | 80 | ||
| Health Issues of Aging Women in Africa | 81 | ||
| Health Issues of Aging Women in Asia | 81 | ||
| Health Issues of Aging Women in Europe | 82 | ||
| Psychological Well-Being of Older Women | 83 | ||
| America | 84 | ||
| ?Africa | 85 | ||
| ?Asia | 86 | ||
| ?Europe | 88 | ||
| Emotional Health and Social Wellbeing | 89 | ||
| America | 89 | ||
| Africa | 90 | ||
| Asia | 90 | ||
| Europe | 91 | ||
| Need for Recognition and Attention: Policy Making | 92 | ||
| Challenges for Older Women | 93 | ||
| America | 93 | ||
| Africa | 93 | ||
| Asia | 94 | ||
| Europe | 95 | ||
| Positive Developments for Older Women | 95 | ||
| Conclusion | 96 | ||
| References | 96 | ||
| 6 Depression in Elderly Women: Clinical Challenges | 101 | ||
| Introduction | 101 | ||
| Epidemiology of Geriatric Depression in Women | 102 | ||
| Geriatric Depression in Women in Underdiagnosed | 102 | ||
| Factors Implicated in Geriatric Depression in Women | 103 | ||
| Risk Factors | 103 | ||
| Protective Factors | 103 | ||
| Spousal Loss and Grief | 104 | ||
| Depression in Women Who Are Caregivers | 104 | ||
| Depression in Women with Medical Illnesses | 104 | ||
| Clinical Features of Geriatric Depression in Women | 105 | ||
| Subsyndromal Depression in Elderly Women | 106 | ||
| Treatment of Geriatric Depression in Women | 106 | ||
| Early Detection and Diagnosis | 106 | ||
| Managing Patient Adherence and Compliance | 107 | ||
| Approach to the Treatment of Geriatric Depression in Women | 107 | ||
| Collaborative Care in Women with Geriatric Depression | 108 | ||
| Health Care Issues that Must Be Addressed | 108 | ||
| The Role of the Family | 108 | ||
| Specific Areas that Need to Be Addressed | 109 | ||
| Need to Create Awareness About Geriatric Depression | 109 | ||
| Training of Family Physicians and Mental Health Professionals | 110 | ||
| Overlap of Depression and Dementia | 110 | ||
| Conclusions | 110 | ||
| References | 111 | ||
| 7 Older Women Killed by Their Partners: A Socio-Demographic Analysis and Risk Factors | 115 | ||
| Relevant Definitions | 115 | ||
| Violence | 115 | ||
| Gender-Based Violence: Partner Violence | 116 | ||
| Elder Abuse/Maltreatment | 121 | ||
| Gender-Based Violence Against Elderly Women | 126 | ||
| Analysis of 30 Cases of Intimate Partner Femicides of Elderly Women in Spain | 128 | ||
| Conclusion | 133 | ||
| Bibliography | 134 | ||
| 8 Life World of the Oldest–Old Women from Phenomenological Persepective | 137 | ||
| Theoretical Background | 138 | ||
| Limitations of the Study | 140 | ||
| Objectives of the Study | 140 | ||
| Sample | 140 | ||
| Aging Scenario in India, Karnataka and in the Study Area | 141 | ||
| First Round of Interview | 142 | ||
| Second Round of Interview | 144 | ||
| Third Round of Interview | 145 | ||
| Results | 149 | ||
| References | 150 | ||
| 9 Older Women in India: Differential Vulnerabilities and Empowerment Interventions | 152 | ||
| Introduction | 152 | ||
| Aging in India | 154 | ||
| Health Vulnerability | 155 | ||
| Economic Vulnerability | 156 | ||
| Psycho-Social Vulnerability | 158 | ||
| Theorizing Vulnerability and Empowerment | 160 | ||
| Initiatives on Empowerment of Elderly Women in India | 163 | ||
| Conclusions and Suggestive Interventions | 169 | ||
| References | 170 | ||
| 10 WHO CARES? Challenges of Women Aging in Contemporary Indonesia | 172 | ||
| On Aging in Indonesia | 173 | ||
| Feminization of the Elderly is Irrespective of Gender Compositions of the Youth | 174 | ||
| Indonesian Elderly Women and Men in the Household | 180 | ||
| Who to Live with in Old Age? | 186 | ||
| Access to Housing | 189 | ||
| Hygiene and Sanitation | 192 | ||
| So, Who Cares? | 198 | ||
| The Strength of the Family Throughout Life | 200 | ||
| References | 202 | ||
| 11 Plight of Older Americans: Insights into the Lives of African American Women | 207 | ||
| Physical and Mental Health Outcomes and Health-Seeking Behaviors | 210 | ||
| References | 213 | ||
| 12 Older Women and Agism | 215 | ||
| Introduction | 215 | ||
| The Rise of “Agism” | 216 | ||
| Gendered Agism | 217 | ||
| The Double Jeopardy of Aging | 218 | ||
| Images of Women, the Mass Media, and Aging | 218 | ||
| Gendered Agism and the Labor Market | 220 | ||
| Gendered Agism and Health | 221 | ||
| Conclusion | 224 | ||
| References | 227 | ||
| 13 Dementia and Women—Global Concerns | 231 | ||
| Introduction | 231 | ||
| Life Course Perspective | 232 | ||
| Terminology Used in the Chapter | 232 | ||
| Few Considerations | 232 | ||
| Epidemiological Concerns | 233 | ||
| Dementia and Its Global Burden | 233 | ||
| Lack of Access to Dementia Care | 234 | ||
| Lack of Diagnosis in Women | 234 | ||
| Risk Factors for Dementia in Women | 235 | ||
| Treatment Response in Women | 236 | ||
| Dementia Care for Women | 236 | ||
| Elder Abuse and Dementia in Women | 237 | ||
| Women as Caregivers in the Dementia Process | 237 | ||
| Future Research Needs | 238 | ||
| Conclusions | 238 | ||
| References | 239 | ||
| 14 Negotiating with an Acquired Disability: Experiences of Elderly Women in Kashmir | 242 | ||
| Introduction | 243 | ||
| Elderly in Kashmir | 244 | ||
| Methodology | 245 | ||
| Conclusion | 250 | ||
| References | 251 | ||
| 15 Some Insights on the Living Arrangements and Quality of Life of Older Women | 253 | ||
| Introduction | 254 | ||
| Elderly Women as a Vulnerable Group | 255 | ||
| Research Design | 256 | ||
| Operational Definitions | 256 | ||
| Measures Used in the Study | 258 | ||
| Sampling Procedure | 259 | ||
| Framework of Analysis | 259 | ||
| Results | 259 | ||
| Profile of the Respondents | 260 | ||
| Family Background | 260 | ||
| Work and Economic Background | 262 | ||
| Living Arrangements of the Sample Elderly Women and Their Quality of Life | 264 | ||
| Factors that May Influence the QoL and Related Domains of Older Women in LAs | 268 | ||
| Discussion | 272 | ||
| Who Were These Older Women? | 272 | ||
| Living Arrangements of Elderly Women and Their Quality of Life | 273 | ||
| Factors Influencing the QoL and Related Domains of Elderly Women | 275 | ||
| Suggestions and Implications for Social Work Practice | 276 | ||
| Suggestions for Specific Programs to Update Policy and Legislation for the Older Women | 276 | ||
| Implications for Social Work Practice | 277 | ||
| Bibliography | 278 | ||
| 16 Psychosocial Challenges of Older Women and Services to Facilitate Their Well-Being | 280 | ||
| Introduction | 280 | ||
| Psychosocial Challenges in Old Age | 280 | ||
| Androcentry in Gerontology | 281 | ||
| Sexism and Gender in Old Age | 281 | ||
| Feminization of Aging | 282 | ||
| Conclusion | 282 | ||
| Challenges of Changing Family Life for Older Women | 283 | ||
| Living Arrangements | 283 | ||
| Changing Family Roles and Relationships | 283 | ||
| Challenges of Caregiving | 284 | ||
| Challenges of Neglect and Abuse | 285 | ||
| Conclusion | 286 | ||
| Challenges of Changing Marital Life for Older Women | 286 | ||
| Changing Marital Roles and Relationships | 286 | ||
| Challenges of Sexuality in Old Age | 286 | ||
| Conclusion | 289 | ||
| Challenges of Grief and Bereavement for Older Women | 289 | ||
| Challenges of Grief and Bereavement | 289 | ||
| Challenges of Widowhood | 289 | ||
| Conclusion | 291 | ||
| Summary of Psychosocial Challenges faced by Older Women and Services to Facilitate Psychosocial Well-Being | 291 | ||
| Summary of Psychosocial Challenges Faced by Older Women | 291 | ||
| Psychosocial Well-Being | 292 | ||
| Workshops for Life Skills Development | 293 | ||
| Facilitation of Reminiscences and Life Reviews | 294 | ||
| Death Education | 295 | ||
| References | 299 | ||
| 17 Project Nana: Seasoning Our Seasoned Women | 301 | ||
| Background | 303 | ||
| Rationale | 305 | ||
| Community Analysis | 307 | ||
| Solutions to Meet the Needs | 310 | ||
| Planning Procedures | 314 | ||
| Theoretical Approach | 315 | ||
| Theory of Planned Behavior | 315 | ||
| Social Cognitive Theory | 316 | ||
| Intervention Design | 317 | ||
| Evaluation Design | 322 | ||
| Method of Evaluation | 322 | ||
| Results from Pilot Workshop | 323 | ||
| Discussion | 325 | ||
| References | 326 | ||
| 18 The Status and Well-Being of Elderly Women Suffering from Dementia: Case Studies from Bengaluru | 329 | ||
| Introduction | 330 | ||
| Methodological and Theoretical Background of the Study | 331 | ||
| Understanding Dementia | 332 | ||
| Understanding Dementia as Caregiver’s Challenge | 334 | ||
| The Impact of Dementia Care | 336 | ||
| Findings on Family Caregivers | 345 | ||
| Findings from Institutional Case Studies | 347 | ||
| Limitations in Personal Care | 347 | ||
| Issues in the Use of Antipsychotic Medication for People with Dementia | 348 | ||
| Comprehensive and Affordable Dementia Care Model | 352 | ||
| Toward a Geriatric Inclusive and Dementia Friendly Social Order | 354 | ||
| References | 356 | ||
| 19 Women Workers in Informal Economy and Aging Concerns | 358 | ||
| Introduction | 359 | ||
| Aging Population—Trends and Challenges | 359 | ||
| Employment of Older Workers | 360 | ||
| Women in the Labor Force | 363 | ||
| Nature of women’s Work | 365 | ||
| Informal Economy and Aging Concerns | 367 | ||
| Access to Social Protection and Entitlements | 370 | ||
| Conclusion and Way Forward | 372 | ||
| References | 375 | ||
| 20 The Elderly Women #metoo Left Out | 377 | ||
| Introduction: A Resounding Silence | 377 | ||
| No Common Definition | 378 | ||
| The Abusers | 380 | ||
| The Silent Victims | 381 | ||
| The Silenced Victims | 382 | ||
| Underreported Crimes | 383 | ||
| Denial of Proper Care | 385 | ||
| Failing Healthcare Services | 388 | ||
| Failing Justice | 390 | ||
| Conclusion: Breaking the Silence | 392 | ||
| References | 392 | ||
| 21 Neglect, Abuse, and Violence in Later Life: Intersectionality of Gender and Age | 398 | ||
| Introduction | 398 | ||
| Population Aging and Gender | 399 | ||
| Feminization of Aging | 399 | ||
| Theoretical Perspectives | 399 | ||
| Examples of Older Adult Abuse in Three Frames and Implications of Older Women | 401 | ||
| Definitions of Older Adult Abuse | 401 | ||
| Abuse of Older Women as a Human Rights Violation | 402 | ||
| Implications of Different Frameworks | 403 | ||
| Implications for Policy and Practice | 404 | ||
| What Practitioners and Policymakers Need to Know About Interventions | 405 | ||
| Barriers to Effective Elder Abuse Practice | 406 | ||
| Promoting the Interests of Older Women at the United Nations and Internationally | 406 | ||
| United Nations Organizational Changes to Promote Gender Equality | 407 | ||
| Examples of Researchers Who Challenge Siloed Approaches to Understanding Neglect, Abuse, and Violence Against Older Women | 408 | ||
| Gaps in Prevention and Intervention | 409 | ||
| Summary and Recommendations | 409 | ||
| References | 410 |