Building Evidence for Active Ageing Policies - Active Ageing Index and its Potential

von: Asghar Zaidi, Sarah Harper, Kenneth Howse, Giovanni Lamura, Jolanta Perek-Białas

Palgrave Macmillan, 2018

ISBN: 9789811060175

Sprache: Englisch

471 Seiten, Download: 7281 KB

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Building Evidence for Active Ageing Policies - Active Ageing Index and its Potential

	Contents	5
	List of Figures	9
	List of Tables	15
	1: Towards an Evidence-Based Active Ageing Strategy	20
	1.1 Introduction	20
	1.2 Use of AAI for Policymaking	23
	1.3 Subnational Adaptations of the AAI	25
	1.4 Comparative Analysis of Active Ageing	27
	1.5 Methodological Improvements in Measuring Active Ageing	28
	1.6 Use of Active Ageing Index in Non-EU Countries	30
	References	32
	Part I: Building Evidence for Active Ageing Policies Active Ageing Index and its Potential	35
	2: Are Societies with a High Value on the Active Ageing Index More Age Integrated?	36
	2.1 Background	36
	2.2 Conditions for Cross-age Interaction	38
	2.2.1 Laws and Policies	38
	2.2.2 Settings	39
	2.2.3 Controls	40
	2.3 Cross-age Interaction and Ageism	40
	2.4 Method	41
	2.4.1 Data	41
	2.4.2 Measures	41
	2.4.3 Analytical Strategy	43
	2.5 Results	44
	2.5.1 AAI and Settings Enabling Cross-age Interactions	44
	2.5.2 Determinants of Cross-age Friendships	46
	2.5.3 Cross-age Friendship and Ageism	50
	2.6 Conclusion	50
	References	53
	3: The Expected, Evaluated, Perceived, Valued and Prevalent Social Roles of Older People: Are They by Consent?	55
	3.1 Introduction	55
	3.2 The Demography-Related Context and Roles Older People Are Expected to Play in Actively Ageing Societies	56
	3.3 Social Roles in Higher Age	57
	3.3.1 The Active Ageing Index as an Evaluation of Role Performance on the National Level	57
	3.3.2 Roles to Play: As “Society” Sees It	58
	3.3.3 Preferred Roles: From the Perspective of Older People Themselves	61
	3.4 Expected, Evaluated, Perceived and Valued Roles: Are They by Consent?	62
	3.5 Roles Played	64
	3.6 Conclusions and Discussion	64
	References	69
	4: The Active Ageing Index (AAI) and its Relation to the Quality of Life of Older Adults	71
	4.1 Introduction	71
	4.2 Methods, Data and Variables	74
	4.3 Results	76
	4.4 Discussion	84
	References	87
	5: Complementing AAI at the Meso Level: The Silver Work Index	91
	5.1 Introduction	91
	5.2 Theoretical Background	93
	5.3 Method	95
	5.3.1 Procedure and Participants	95
	5.3.2 Qualitative Data Analysis	96
	5.4 Results	97
	5.5 Discussion and Implications	104
	5.5.1 Implications	106
	5.5.2 Limitations and Future Research	107
	References	108
	Part II: Subnational Adaptations of the AAI	111
	6: The Active Ageing Index in a Southern European Region (Biscay): Main Results and Potentials for Policymaking	112
	6.1 Introduction	112
	6.2 Methodology	113
	6.2.1 Calculation of the AAI Through a Combined Methodology: Primary and Secondary Data	114
	6.3 Results	115
	6.4 Conclusions	121
	6.4.1 What Is the Position of Biscay in Relation to Other Countries in the European Union?	121
	6.4.2 What Are the Methodological Challenges and Limitations for the Calculation of AAI at Subregional Level?	122
	6.4.3 Current Limitations and Future Proposals for Advancing with the AAI	123
	Appendix 1. Data Sources, Years and Sample Sizes for Each Indicator of the AAI (2012–2014)	124
	Appendix 2. Results in Biscay, EU28 Average and Each EU Country by Domain	127
	Employment	127
	Participation in Society	127
	Independent and Secure Living	128
	Capacity for Active Ageing	128
	References	129
	7: Evaluating Socio-economic Impact of Age-Friendly Environments	131
	7.1 Introduction	131
	7.2 Methodology	134
	7.3 Results: The SEE-IT	135
	7.3.1 Step 1: Aim of the SEE-IT	137
	7.3.2 Step 2: Scope of the SEE-IT	138
	7.3.3 Step 3: Assessing Impacts	140
	7.3.4 Step 4: Interpreting/Conclusions	144
	7.3.5 Step 5: Presenting Results	144
	7.4 Discussion and Conclusions	144
	References	149
	8: The Active Ageing Index: A Tool to Develop the Strategy of Active Ageing in the Basque Country (Spain)	153
	8.1 Introduction	153
	8.2 Research Context	155
	8.3 Objectives	157
	8.4 Methodology	158
	8.5 Results	161
	8.6 Discussion	168
	8.7 Conclusions	174
	Scores of the Active Ageing Index (AAI) and its domains in the Basque Country, Spain, and the 28 countries of the European Union (EU-28)	175
	References	176
	9: Greying Italy Across Time, Space, and Gender	180
	9.1 Introduction	180
	9.2 Results	182
	9.2.1 Domain 1: Employment	182
	9.2.2 Domain 2: Participation in Society	186
	9.2.3 Domain 3: Independent, Healthy, and Secure Living	189
	9.2.4 Domain 4: Capacity for Active Ageing	189
	9.3 Overall Value of AAI	194
	9.4 Conclusions	198
	References	201
	Part III: Comparative Analysis of Active Ageing	203
	10: Differences in Active Ageing Index in Eastern European Countries: A Comparison of Poland and the Czech Republic	204
	10.1 Introduction	204
	10.2 Background Information	207
	10.2.1 Demographic Situation in Poland and the Czech Republic	207
	10.2.2 Active Aging Policies in Poland and the Czech Republic	208
	10.3 Active Ageing Index	208
	10.4 Results	209
	10.4.1 Difference in the AAI in the Czech Republic and Poland	209
	10.4.2 Economic Performance	211
	10.4.3 Employment	211
	10.4.4 Participation in Society	213
	10.4.5 Independent, Healthy and Secure Living	215
	10.5 Discussion and Policy Implications	216
	References	218
	11: Ageing in a Multicultural Europe: Perspectives and Challenges	221
	11.1 Introduction	221
	11.2 Methodology	224
	11.3 Results	225
	11.3.1 First Domain: Employment	225
	11.3.2 Second Domain: Participation in Society	227
	11.3.3 Third Domain: Independent, Healthy and Secure Living	230
	11.3.4 Fourth Domain: Capacity and Enabling Environment for Active Ageing	232
	11.3.5 Overall Index	234
	11.4 Conclusion and Discussion	236
	Appendix	238
	References	245
	12: Estimating Weights for the Active Ageing Index (AAI) from Stated Preferences: Proposal for a Discrete Choice Experiment (DCE)	248
	12.1 Introduction	248
	12.2 Estimating Preference-based Weights for the AAI	250
	12.3 Designing a DCE to Estimate Preference-based AAI Weights	253
	12.3.1 Problem Definition: Characterising the Choice Decision	254
	12.3.2 Identifying Attributes and Attribute Levels	255
	12.3.3 Experimental Design and Construction of Choice Sets	256
	12.3.4 Questionnaire Development and Model Estimation	259
	12.4 Discussion and Conclusion	260
	References	262
	Part IV: Methodological Improvements in Measuring Active Ageing	268
	13: A Cross-country and Cohort Analysis of Active Ageing Differences Among the Elderly in Europe	269
	13.1 Introduction	269
	13.2 The Active Ageing Index	271
	13.3 Analysis of Cohorts	278
	13.3.1 Disentangling the AAI	278
	13.3.2 Explaining Country Differences	286
	13.4 Conclusions	295
	Appendix	296
	References	301
	14: Active Ageing Typologies: A Latent Class Analysis of the Older Europeans	303
	14.1 Introduction	303
	14.2 Data	306
	14.3 Method	308
	14.4 Results	309
	14.4.1 Descriptive Results	309
	14.4.2 LCA Analysis	310
	14.5 Concluding Remarks	314
	Appendix	316
	References	317
	15: How Relevant is Active Ageing? Evidence from Portugal	320
	15.1 Introduction	320
	15.2 Literature Review	322
	15.3 Data Source and Methodology	324
	15.4 The Individual Active Ageing Index	327
	15.4.1 The Determinants of Active Ageing	332
	15.5 Conclusions	333
	Annex 1	335
	Annex 2	337
	Annex 3	340
	Annex 4	341
	References	346
	16: Study on Active Ageing at Individual Level Based on Active Ageing Index	349
	16.1 Introduction	349
	16.2 Method	352
	16.2.1 Design	352
	16.2.2 Participants	352
	16.2.3 Variables and Instrument	352
	16.2.4 Procedure	356
	16.3 Results	356
	16.4 Discussion	363
	References	365
	Part V: Use of Active Ageing Index in Non-EU Countries	368
	17: Comparative Study of Active Ageing in China and the EU Countries	369
	17.1 Introduction	369
	17.2 Data: China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study	371
	17.3 AAI and Four Domains in China	373
	17.3.1 Employment	376
	17.3.2 Participation in Society	377
	17.3.3 Independent, Healthy and Secure Living	378
	17.3.4 Capacity and Enabling Environment for Active Ageing	379
	17.4 Policy Implications	381
	17.4.1 Employment of the Older Population in China	382
	17.4.2 The Old-Age Security System in China	383
	17.4.3 Challenges and Policy Recommendations	384
	17.5 Conclusion and Future Work	385
	References	386
	18: Quality of Life of the Elderly and Applicability of the Active Ageing Index to Latin American Countries	389
	18.1 Introduction	389
	18.2 Methods	391
	18.2.1 Data Sources	391
	18.2.2 Quality of Life of the Elderly Index	392
	18.2.3 Active Ageing Index	397
	18.3 Results	397
	18.3.1 Quality of Life of the Elderly Index	397
	18.3.2 Applicability of the AAI to Latin America	400
	18.3.2.1 First Domain: Employment	400
	18.3.2.2 Second Domain: Participation in Society	401
	18.3.2.3 Third Domain: Independent, Healthy and Secure Living	402
	18.3.2.4 Fourth Domain: Capacity and Enabling Environment for Active Ageing	403
	18.4 Discussion	404
	Appendix 1	406
	Appendix 2	408
	References	410
	19: Active Ageing Index: A Russian Study	412
	19.1 Introduction	412
	19.2 Method	415
	19.3 Results	415
	19.3.1 Employment of Older People	420
	19.3.2 Participation in Society	421
	19.3.3 Independent and Secure Living of Older People	424
	19.3.4 Capacity and Enabling Environment for Active Ageing	426
	19.4 Russian Regions	427
	19.5 Discussion and Conclusion	433
	References	436
	20: Active Ageing Index (AAI) in India: Is the Approach Used in European Countries Applicable to Developing Countries?	439
	20.1 Introduction	439
	20.2 Background and Context of Ageing in India	441
	20.2.1 Ageing and Ageism in India	441
	20.2.2 Ageism in India	443
	20.3 The Active Ageing Framework and Index	445
	20.3.1 The WHO Active Ageing Framework and the Emergence of the AAI	445
	20.3.2 Domains of Active Ageing Index in the Indian Context	447
	20.3.3 Critical Evaluation of the Construction of the Active Ageing Index	448
	20.4 Data Source and Methodology	448
	20.5 Results and Discussion	451
	20.5.1 Overall and Domain-Specific AAI by State and Gender	451
	20.5.2 Comparison of the AAI Indian Score with European Scores	454
	20.5.3 Applicability of the AAI in Indian Setting	456
	20.5.3.1 Employment in Later Life in India and Its Contribution to the AAI	456
	20.5.3.2 Intergenerational Support in India	458
	20.5.3.3 Unmet Need for Health Care in Later Life	460
	20.6 Summary and Conclusion	461
	References	462
	Index	466

Building Evidence for Active Ageing Policies - Active Ageing Index and its Potential

von: Asghar Zaidi, Sarah Harper, Kenneth Howse, Giovanni Lamura, Jolanta Perek-Białas

Building Evidence for Active Ageing Policies - Active Ageing Index and its Potential

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