OECD Health Policy Studies Health Workforce Policies in OECD Countries: Right Jobs, Right Skills, Right Places
von: OECD (Ed.)
OECD Paris, 2016
ISBN: 9789264239517
Sprache: Englisch
187 Seiten, Download: 5914 KB
Format: PDF, auch als Online-Lesen
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OECD Health Policy Studies Health Workforce Policies in OECD Countries: Right Jobs, Right Skills, Right Places
| Foreword | 5 | ||
| Acknowledgements | Acknowledgements | ||
| Table of contents | 9 | ||
| Executive summary | 15 | ||
| Key findings | 19 | ||
| Chapter 1. | Chapter 1. | ||
| 31 | 31 | ||
| 1.1. Introduction | 32 | ||
| 1.2. The supply of health workers | 32 | ||
| 1.3. The demand for health workers | 34 | ||
| 1.4. The search for equilibrium in health labour markets | 35 | ||
| 1.5. Conclusions | 37 | ||
| Notes | 37 | ||
| References | 38 | ||
| Chapter 2. | Chapter 2. | ||
| 39 | 39 | ||
| 2.1. Introduction | 40 | ||
| 2.2. Health workforce trends in OECD countries | 41 | ||
| 2.3. Recent policy priorities on health workforce issues | 49 | ||
| 2.4. Conclusions | 60 | ||
| Notes | 61 | ||
| References | 62 | ||
| Chapter 3. | Chapter 3. | ||
| 65 | 65 | ||
| 3.1. Introduction | 66 | ||
| 3.2. The evolution of numerus clausus policies in OECD countries, new challenges and need for regular adjustments | 67 | ||
| 3.3. Trends in admissions in medical and nursing education | 70 | ||
| 3.4. Post-graduate training for doctors: The quest for a better balance between general practitioners and other medical specialists | 80 | ||
| 3.5. Advanced education for nurses: The development of programmes for nurse practitioners | 85 | ||
| Notes | 93 | ||
| References | 94 | ||
| Annex 3.A1 - Medical and nursing education and training programmes pathways | Annex 3.A1 - Medical and nursing education and training programmes pathways | ||
| 97 | 97 | ||
| Annex 3.A2 - | Annex 3.A2 - | ||
| 100 | 100 | ||
| Annex 3.A3 - | Annex 3.A3 - | ||
| 103 | 103 | ||
| Chapter 4. | Chapter 4. | ||
| 105 | 105 | ||
| 4.1. Introduction | 106 | ||
| 4.2. Importance of foreign-trained doctors and nurses in OECD countries | 108 | ||
| 4.3. Changing composition of foreign-trained doctors and nurses in OECD countries | 111 | ||
| 4.4. Interactions between domestic education policies and international recruitment | 4.4. Interactions between domestic education policies and international recruitment | ||
| 114 | 114 | ||
| 4.5. Emigration patterns from some European countries following EU enlargement and the economic crisis | 118 | ||
| 4.6. Recent policies to reduce the emigration of doctors and nurses in Central and Eastern European countries | 120 | ||
| 4.7. Recent developments of bilateral or multilateral agreements on training and recruitment of health workers | 122 | ||
| 4.8. Conclusions | 123 | ||
| Note | 124 | ||
| References | 125 | ||
| Annex 4.A1 - | Annex 4.A1 - | ||
| 127 | 127 | ||
| Annex 4.A2 - Trends in the number of domestic medical and nursing graduates and inflow of foreign-trained doctors and nurses in some OECD countries | 129 | ||
| Chapter 5. | Chapter 5. | ||
| 131 | 131 | ||
| 5.1. Introduction | 132 | ||
| 5.2. The geography of physician distribution | 132 | ||
| 5.3. Influences on location choice of doctors | 136 | ||
| 5.4. Policy strategies and areas for action | 142 | ||
| 5.5. Targeting future doctors: Medical education policies | 142 | ||
| 5.6. Targeting current doctors: Carrots and sticks | 145 | ||
| 5.7. Doing with less doctors: Service delivery re-orientation | 151 | ||
| 5.8. Conclusions | 155 | ||
| Notes | 156 | ||
| References | 157 | ||
| Annex 5.A1. - | Annex 5.A1. - | ||
| 164 | 164 | ||
| Chapter 6. Skills use and skills mismatch in the health sector: | Chapter 6. Skills use and skills mismatch in the health sector: | ||
| 165 | 165 | ||
| 6.1. Introduction | 166 | ||
| 6.2. Analytical framework | 167 | ||
| 6.3. Evidence on skills mismatch in the health sector | 168 | ||
| 6.4. Policy levers to address skills mismatch | 176 | ||
| 6.5. Conclusions | 182 | ||
| References | 184 |